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Article Dans Une Revue ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies Année : 2024

Adaptive HELLO Protocol for Vehicular Networks

Yasir Saleem
Valeria Loscri
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Christophe Bureau
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Résumé

In vehicular-to-vehicular networks, the update of car Firmwares Over-The-Air (FOTA) is becoming a challenging issue. Indeed, it mainly relies on topology discovery of neighbouring nodes. Topology discovery in mobile wireless networks is usually done by using HELLO messages. Due to mobility, topology changes occur frequently and must be quickly discovered to avoid routing failures. Since the optimal HELLO frequency depends on parameters that are subject to changes (e.g., speed of nodes, density of nodes), it must be dynamically adjusted to obtain the best trade-off between the network load and the freshness of routing tables. Existing solutions mainly focus on general wireless networks assuming random mobility and constant node density and average speed. Such assumptions do not hold in the case of vehicular networks in which vehicles follow specific trajectory patterns (the roads) and density and speed evolve as a function of time (rush hour vs non-rush hour) and area (urban, rural, highway). In this paper, we first draw the specific features of a vehicular network at different times and spaces by analysing real datasets. This study then allows us to adapt a dynamic neighbour discovery protocol to the specific case of vehicular-to-vehicular communications to propose VANP (Vehicular Adaptive Neighbour Discovery Protocol). VANP is a fully distributed and software-based solution that sends beacons at an optimal frequency without knowing it a priori. The objective is to reduce the frequency at which HELLO messages are sent to save bandwidth and energy while still preserving the quality of the neighbour discovery. Through extensive simulations run on real datasets, we show that the optimal HELLO frequency can be reached by maintaining a constant optimal turnover, independent from the speed of the nodes and by aiming at this turnover, nodes automatically use the optimal HELLO frequency. Results show that VANP allows the discovery of relevant neighbours by missing at most two neighbours over all scenarios and reducing the number of HELLO messages up to twice, hence saving bandwidth and energy.
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Dates et versions

hal-04459157 , version 1 (15-02-2024)

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  • HAL Id : hal-04459157 , version 1

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Nathalie Mitton, Yasir Saleem, Valeria Loscri, Christophe Bureau. Adaptive HELLO Protocol for Vehicular Networks. ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies, 2024. ⟨hal-04459157⟩

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