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Poster Année : 2023

The respiratory microbiome alpha-diversity and chronic respiratory diseases in children: A systematic review

Résumé

Background and Aims: While there seems to be a consensus that a decrease in gut microbiome diversity is related to poorer health status, the associations between respiratory microbiome diversity and chronic respiratory disease remain a matter of debate, as highlighted by a recent review of the literature in adults. In industrialized countries, respiratory diseases and allergies are the most common chronic diseases in children. These diseases vary considerably between childhood and adulthood. We performed a systematic review of the alpha diversity of the respiratory microbiome in children with chronic respiratory diseases. We focused on studies in which a control allowed comparison. Methods: We searched PubMed and Scopus. Four items were required: respiratory microbiome, diversity, chronic respiratory disease, and children younger than 18 years. Any articles that did not address these items, were not research articles, or did not have a case-control design were excluded. Results: We reviewed 486 articles on the basis of title and abstract, of which 25 met our inclusion criteria. The diseases studied were mainly asthma, cystic fibrosis, wheezing, and respiratory allergies. The main sampling technique was the nasopharyngeal swab. All studies focused solely on bacteriome and measured the Shannon index. In more than half of the studies, the control group consisted of healthy subjects. Conclusions: The majority of diseases were significantly associated with a decrease in diversity, with the exception of asthma, which, on the contrary, led to an increase. Only the studies on bronchiectasis, pulmonary hypertension and bronchitis showed no change or not concluding difference in the respiratory microbiome diversity.
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hal-04260986 , version 1 (26-10-2023)

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  • HAL Id : hal-04260986 , version 1

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Allan-Patrick Ake, Mariam Diomande, Daniela Valoura-Esteves, Raphael Enaud, Laurence Delhaes, et al.. The respiratory microbiome alpha-diversity and chronic respiratory diseases in children: A systematic review. WoM 2023 - 4th International World of Microbiome Conference, Oct 2023, Sofia, Bulgaria. ⟨hal-04260986⟩

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