In order to match the fertilizer line and seed line, fertilizer application should be homogeneous enough. A new fertilizer guide device was designed. It was consisted of fertilizer guide groove, shunted parts and cover plate. According to the theoretical analysis and practical experience, the main parameters affecting the effect of applying fertilizer were specified, including groove installation angle, the angle and the position of shunt part. With the single factor simulation experiment, the optimization and simulation of fertilizer guide device parameters were carried out based on EDEM software. The selected parameter interval was determined firstly. And then 10 set experiment results were obtained within the determined range. When the angle of diverter component was 33°, the distance was 25 mm, and the angle of guide groove installation was 37°, the best fertilizer application result was obtained. The simulation experiment provided a reference for the guide flow device design.