This tutorial presents and motivates various malware detection tools and illustrates their usage on a clear example. We demonstrate how statically-extracted syntactic signatures can be used for quickly detecting simple variants of malware. Since such signatures can easily be obfuscated, we also present dynamically-extracted behavioral signatures which are obtained by running the malware in an isolated environment known as a sandbox. However, some malware can use sandbox detection to detect that they run in such an environment and so avoid exhibiting their malicious behavior. To counteract sandbox detection, we present concolic execution that can explore several paths of a binary. We conclude by showing how opaque predicates and JIT can be used to hinder concolic execution.