The current discussions about the future, especially considering the development has been promoting socio-joint policy in favor of sustainable growth, with relevance to the thoughts of Ignacy Sachs, which emphasizes the perspectives, social, economic, geographic, environmental and sustainability cultural. Thus, a holistic view, such perspectives on aspects of sustainability in the supply chain of oil in pre-salt layer, which has been widely discussed, especially in the scientific community. The research methodology is presented as qualitative and descriptive through literature review. Considering the problems wrapped exploration and logistics, and the magnitude in environmental, spatial, cultural, economic and social, we really prepared? As a result, we found basic technological gaps, as since its discovery in 2006, the pre-salt layer of Brazil and, especially, its operation is highly complex, requiring high costs of research and technological development, especially in innovation, since their peak production, is designed for only 12 years since the discovery.