In this paper we give a metric construction of a tree which correctly identifies connected components of superlevel sets of continuous functions $f: X \to \R$ and show that it is possible to retrieve the $H_0$-persistence diagram from this tree. We revisit the notion of homological dimension previously introduced by Schweinhart and give some bounds for the latter in terms of the upper-box dimension of $X$, thereby partially answering a question of the same author. We prove a quantitative version of the Wasserstein stability theorem valid for regular enough $X$ and $\alpha$-Hölder functions and discuss some applications of this theory to random fields and the topology of their superlevel sets.