Researching evermore abstract and powerful ways of composing programs is the meat of software engineering for half a century. Important early steps were subroutines (to encapsulate actions) and records (to encapsulate data). A large step forward came with the introduction of the object-oriented concepts (classes, subclasses and virtual methods) where classes can encapsulate both data and behaviors in a very powerful, but still flexible, way. For a long time, these concepts dominated the scene, but eventually the need for additional concepts became apparent. In this chapter, we focus on model driven engineering MDE, which complement and leverage other mechanism such generic constructs, aspect oriented programming AOP, component based software development CBSE, generative programming, domain specific languages.