Data physicalization is a rich and vast research area that studies the use of physical artifacts to convey data. It overlaps with a number of research areas including information visualization, scientific visualization, visual analytics, tangible user interfaces, shape-changing interfaces, personal fabrication interfaces, as well as graphic design, architecture, and art. This chapter surveys academic work on data physicalization up to 2018, and also provides a brief overview of non-academic work. It discusses how data physicalization has been used for analytical purposes, for communication and education, for accessibility, for self-reflection and self-expression, and finally for enjoyment and meaning. It also discusses enabling technologies, reviews empirical studies, and surveys models and theories of data physicalization.