Every year, e-service providers report losses of billions of dollars due to fraud. Despite their huge efforts in implementing sophisticated fraud detection systems on top of their e-services, fraud effects seem to be rather increasing than decreasing. As a result, fraud risk assessment has been introduced as a fundamental part of e-service providers’ prevention strategies. In particular, identifying potential fraud risks and estimating their impacts are two essential requirements to prevent fraud risks while developing and delivering e-services to customers. In this paper, we show that fraud patterns can be used to perform fraud risk assessment. We analysed real fraud incidents from an e-service domain – Telecom, and identified six fraud patterns, which are recurrently used to commit fraud. We then use those patterns in the same scenario in order to demonstrate their applicability to fraud risk assessment.