<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-04571116</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-03T13:20:46+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Dynamic Content Steering Services: How to Make Everyone Happy in a Multi-CDN World</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Burak</forename>
                <surname>Kara</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">d02828d06304deb66d8ae1e17dcec390</email>
              <email type="domain">inria.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">burak-kara</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1255246</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">2810270-1255246</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8316-5470</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">uCVNpMgAAAAJ</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1097219"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1164541"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Gwendal</forename>
                <surname>Simon</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">314d9cd2017d2a7b5d8ca0339544de1d</email>
              <email type="domain">imt-atlantique.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">gwendalsimon</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">20470</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">8251-20470</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7282-918X</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=mey0k0EAAAAJ&amp;hl=en</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/172625807</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1164541"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-482801"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-491177"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-491312"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Burak</forename>
                <surname>Kara</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">d02828d06304deb66d8ae1e17dcec390</email>
              <email type="domain">inria.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2024-05-07 15:19:09</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-02-07 05:28:05</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2024-05-07 15:38:09</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2024-02-11</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2024-05-07</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://inria.hal.science/hal-04571116v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2024-05-07"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="author" n="1" target="https://inria.hal.science/hal-04571116v1/file/MHV24___Multi_CDN__Copy_.pdf" id="file-4571116-3963412">
                <date notBefore="2024-05-07"/>
              </ref>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="1422361">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Burak</forename>
                  <surname>Kara</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">d02828d06304deb66d8ae1e17dcec390</email>
                <email type="domain">inria.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-04571116</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://inria.hal.science/hal-04571116</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">kara:hal-04571116</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;MHV 2024 - Mile-High Video Conference&lt;/i&gt;, Feb 2024, Denver (Colorado), United States. pp.95-95, &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3638036.3640252"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1145/3638036.3640252&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">MHV 2024 - Mile-High Video Conference, Feb 2024, Denver (Colorado), United States. pp.95-95, &amp;#x27E8;10.1145/3638036.3640252&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://hal.science/licences/copyright/">Copyright - All rights reserved<ref corresp="#file-4571116-3963412"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-RENNES1">Université de Rennes 1</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA">INRIA - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-UBS">Université de Bretagne Sud</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSA-RENNES">Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Rennes</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA-RENNES">INRIA Rennes - Bretagne Atlantique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IRISA">Irisa</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IRISA_SET">IRISA_SET</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA_TEST">INRIA - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TESTALAIN1">TESTALAIN1</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CENTRALESUPELEC">Ecole CentraleSupélec</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA2">INRIA 2</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UR1-HAL">Publications labos UR1 dans HAL-Rennes 1</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UR1-MATH-STIC">UR1 - publications Maths-STIC</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UR1-UFR-ISTIC">UFR ISTIC Informatique et électronique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IMTA_SRCD">IMT Atlantique - Département systèmes réseaux, cybersécurité &amp; droit du numérique </idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TEST-UR-CSS">TEST Université de Rennes CSS</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IRISA_IMTA">IRISA - IMT Atlantique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IRISA-ADOPNET-IMTA">Equipe ADOPNET</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-RENNES">Université de Rennes</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA-RENGRE">INRIA-RENGRE</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IMT-ATLANTIQUE" corresp="INSTITUT-MINES-TELECOM">IMT-ATLANTIQUE</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSA-GROUPE">Groupe INSA</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSTITUTS-TELECOM">composantes instituts telecom </idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UR1-MATH-NUM">Pôle UnivRennes - Mathématiques - Numérique </idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IRISA-ERMINE-IMTA">Equipe ERMINE</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSTITUT-MINES-TELECOM">Institut Mines Telecom</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="DDRS-TEST-CJ">Test de la collection DD-RS</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="invited" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
            <note type="proceedings" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Dynamic Content Steering Services: How to Make Everyone Happy in a Multi-CDN World</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Burak</forename>
                    <surname>Kara</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">d02828d06304deb66d8ae1e17dcec390</email>
                  <email type="domain">inria.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">burak-kara</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1255246</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">2810270-1255246</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8316-5470</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">uCVNpMgAAAAJ</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1097219"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1164541"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Gwendal</forename>
                    <surname>Simon</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">314d9cd2017d2a7b5d8ca0339544de1d</email>
                  <email type="domain">imt-atlantique.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">gwendalsimon</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">20470</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">8251-20470</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7282-918X</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=mey0k0EAAAAJ&amp;hl=en</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/172625807</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1164541"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-482801"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-491177"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-491312"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <meeting>
                  <title>MHV 2024 - Mile-High Video Conference</title>
                  <date type="start">2024-02-11</date>
                  <date type="end">2024-02-14</date>
                  <settlement>Denver (Colorado)</settlement>
                  <country key="US">United States</country>
                </meeting>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>ACM</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">95-95</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2024-02-14</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1145/3638036.3640252</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">Content Steering</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">ABR</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Content Delivery Network</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Multi-CDN</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="info">Computer Science [cs]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>The video service providers commonly employ multiple vendors, each operating independent Content Delivery Networks (CDNs), to deliver video content to end-users [1]. To address this growing trend, known as the multi-CDN strategy, the technical communities responsible for developing prominent streaming standards, including HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) and Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH), have devised a system where every end-user regularly contacts with a central manager, known as the content steering server [3]. On each interaction, end-users receive instructions on which CDN to retrieve the content from. From the end-user feedback and the collected global metrics, the steering server implements a load balancing strategy, which finds a trade-off between long-term business logic and short-term Quality of Experience (QoE) maximization.In current implementations of the steering service, the steering server primarily prioritizes user QoE without accommodating the evolving requirements of CDNs [2, 5]. Yet, CDNs are inherently subject to variable requirements over time. We give two examples: (i) The energy efficiency performance of a CDN hinges on the number of end-user sessions it serves and the number of available edge servers. Indeed, despite efforts from the hardware and middleware communities, the energy consumed by a running edge server is not proportional to the number of concurrent sessions. Each server has an optimal load, for which the power efficiency (expressed in egress throughput (in Gbps) per Watt) is maximal. For a given number of edge servers contributing to the delivery, the CDN is then interested in dealing with the optimal number of concurrent sessions, i.e., the number of sessions that maximizes its global power efficiency. (i) The total capacity of a CDN at any given time depends on external factors, especially in the case of private CDN where an operator invests in a delivery infrastructure primarily for its own video services. A private CDN should first serve the pay-TV operator video streams, and then, if room, it can allocate resources for the external steering service. In short, the number of end-users that a CDN can serve is what is left after the prioritized channel deliveries are fulfilled. Since the traffic of pay-TV services fluctuates, the capacity a private CDN can offer to the steering service also changes over time.To date, the CDNs contributing to a global steering service lacks a mechanism to update their changing requirements over time. This includes expressing their desire to handle more or less traffic. This absence of communication leaves a void in balancing algorithms, making it challenging to meet all CDN needs.We discuss various options to implement a consistent delivery service, comprising multiple CDNs and one steering server. We first present the internal metrics, such as power efficiency [4] and profitability, that a CDN should strategically expose to manage its current and future traffic loads inline with its best interests. We emphasize the pros and cons of exposing these metrics to third-party entities. We then introduce our work, multi-CDN communication over content steering server that allows a CDN to manage its traffic load via communication with other CDNs over the content steering server without exposing internal metrics. The communication between CDNs involves offers, acceptances, rejections, or negotiations for user offloading/onloading, ensuring a coordinated approach. Our work adapts to real-time multi-CDN requirements, aligning with content steering standards. Future plans include learning-based approaches for the predicted future traffic loads, alongside protocol modifications to leverage content steering awareness, providing insights into multi-CDN communication intricacies and robust performance optimization.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-1097219" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">202224279Z</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04qgdxq75</idno>
          <orgName>mEasuRing and ManagIng Network operation and Economic</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ERMINE</orgName>
          <date type="start">2022-06-01</date>
          <date type="end">2026-05-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Campus de beaulieu 35042 Rennes cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-419153" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-491177" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-490899" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-105160" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-117606" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-172265" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-247362" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-411575" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR6074" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-481355" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1164541" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Synamedia Technologies France [Rennes]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>12a Rue du Patis Tatelin, 35700 Rennes</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="department" xml:id="struct-482801" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Département Systèmes Réseaux, Cybersécurité et Droit du numérique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IMT Atlantique - SRCD</orgName>
          <date type="start">2017-01-02</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>IMT Atlantique - Campus de Rennes - 2 rue de la Châtaigneraie - CS 17607 - 35576 CESSON SEVIGNE CEDEX</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-481355" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="department" xml:id="struct-491177" status="VALID">
          <orgName>RÉSEAUX, TÉLÉCOMMUNICATION ET SERVICES</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IRISA-D2</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.irisa.fr/departements/reseaux-telecommunication-services</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-490899" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-105160" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-117606" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-172265" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-247362" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-411575" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR6074" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-481355" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-491312" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Advanced technologies for operated networks</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ADOPNET</orgName>
          <date type="start">2017-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>IMT Atlantique - Technopôle Brest-Iroise CS 8381829238 BREST Cedex 3 /  IRISA - Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-105160" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-481355" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-491177" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-490899" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-117606" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-172265" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-247362" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-411575" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR6074" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-419153" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">198018249C</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04040yw90</idno>
          <orgName>Centre Inria de l'Université de Rennes</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Campus de beaulieu35042 Rennes cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre/rennes</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02kvxyf05</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-490899" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026386909</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2298 7270</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">200012163A</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00myn0z94</idno>
          <orgName>Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IRISA</orgName>
          <date type="start">2017-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Avenue du général LeclercCampus de Beaulieu 35042 RENNES CEDEX</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.irisa.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-105160" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-117606" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-172265" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-247362" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-411575" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR6074" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-481355" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-105160" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">26693823X</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/015m7wh34</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Rennes</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UR</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Campus de Beaulieu, 263 avenue Général Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042 RENNES CEDEX</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.univ-rennes.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-117606" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04xaa4j22</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INSA Rennes</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>20, avenue des Buttes de Coësmes - CS 70839 - 35708 Rennes cedex 7</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.insa-rennes.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-301232" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">162105150</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National des Sciences Appliquées</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INSA</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-172265" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">05017746X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000121680285</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04ed7fw48</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Bretagne Sud</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UBS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1995-02-07</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>BP 92116 - 56321 Lorient cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.univ-ubs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-247362" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03rxtdc22</idno>
          <orgName>École normale supérieure - Rennes</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ENS Rennes</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Campus de Ker Lann - avenue Robert Schuman - 35170 Bruz</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.ens-rennes.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-411575" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">184443237</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/019tcpt25</idno>
          <orgName>CentraleSupélec</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>3, rue Joliot Curie,Plateau de Moulon,91192 GIF-SUR-YVETTE Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.centralesupelec.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-481355" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">202743233</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/030hj3061</idno>
          <orgName>IMT Atlantique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IMT Atlantique</orgName>
          <date type="start">2017-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Campus Brest : Technopôle Brest-Iroise CS 8381829238 BREST Cedex 3 -Campus Nantes : 4, rue Alfred Kastler- La chantrerie 44300 NANTES -Campus Rennes :  2 Rue de la Châtaigneraie, 35510 CESSON SEVIGNE</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.imt-atlantique.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-302102" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">192427156</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">000000012202567X</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/025vp2923</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q27962533</idno>
          <orgName>Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IMT</orgName>
          <date type="start">2012-03-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>19 Place Marguerite Perey, 91120 Palaiseau</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.imt.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>