<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-01058270</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-20T23:28:56+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">C³TO: A Scalable Architecture for Mobile Tutoring over Cell Phones</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Laurie</forename>
                <surname>Butgereit</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">855776-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-265307"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Reinhardt A.</forename>
                <surname>Botha</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">852342-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-263402"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Hal</forename>
                <surname>Ifip</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">2073ac78024b6e13f2714db96e9b1e63</email>
              <email type="domain">inria.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2014-08-26 14:27:18</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2023-10-30 13:54:03</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2014-09-02 11:22:01</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2010-09-20</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2014-08-26</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://inria.hal.science/hal-01058270v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2014-08-26"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="author" n="1" target="https://inria.hal.science/hal-01058270v1/file/paper02.pdf" id="file-1058270-862226">
                <date notBefore="2014-08-26"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="externalLink" target="https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-642-15476-8_3.pdf"/>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="200187">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Hal</forename>
                  <surname>Ifip</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">2073ac78024b6e13f2714db96e9b1e63</email>
                <email type="domain">inria.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-01058270</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://inria.hal.science/hal-01058270</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">butgereit:hal-01058270</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Third IFIP TC6 International Conference on Wireless Communications and Information Technology in Developing Countries (WCITD) / IFIP TC 6 International Network of the Future Conference (NF) / Held as Part of World Computer Congress (WCC)&lt;/i&gt;, Sep 2010, Brisbane, Australia. pp.15-25, &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15476-8_3"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1007/978-3-642-15476-8_3&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">Third IFIP TC6 International Conference on Wireless Communications and Information Technology in Developing Countries (WCITD) / IFIP TC 6 International Network of the Future Conference (NF) / Held as Part of World Computer Congress (WCC), Sep 2010, Brisbane, Australia. pp.15-25, &amp;#x27E8;10.1007/978-3-642-15476-8_3&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0 - Attribution<ref corresp="#file-1058270-862226"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IFIP">IFIP - International Federation for Information Processing</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IFIP-AICT" corresp="IFIP">IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IFIP-AICT-327" corresp="IFIP-AICT">Communications: Wireless in Developing Countries and Networks of the Future</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IFIP-TC" corresp="IFIP">IFIP Technical Committees </idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IFIP-TC6" corresp="IFIP-TC">TC 6: Communication Systems</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IFIP-WCITD">Wireless Communications and. Information Technology in Developing Countries</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IFIP-NF">International Network of the Future Conference</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IFIP-WCC">World Computer Congress</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IFIP-2010">IFIP-2010</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="invited" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
            <note type="proceedings" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">C³TO: A Scalable Architecture for Mobile Tutoring over Cell Phones</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Laurie</forename>
                    <surname>Butgereit</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">855776-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-265307"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Reinhardt A.</forename>
                    <surname>Botha</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">852342-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-263402"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <title level="m">IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology</title>
                <meeting>
                  <title>Third IFIP TC6 International Conference on Wireless Communications and Information Technology in Developing Countries (WCITD) / IFIP TC 6 International Network of the Future Conference (NF) / Held as Part of World Computer Congress (WCC)</title>
                  <date type="start">2010-09-20</date>
                  <date type="end">2010-09-23</date>
                  <settlement>Brisbane</settlement>
                  <country key="AU">Australia</country>
                </meeting>
                <editor>Ana Pont; Guy Pujolle; S. V. Raghavan</editor>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>Springer</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="serie">Communications: Wireless in Developing Countries and Networks of the Future</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">AICT-327</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">15-25</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2010</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1007/978-3-642-15476-8_3</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">scalability</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">tutoring</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">cell phones</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">mxit</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">math</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="info.info-dl">Computer Science [cs]/Digital Libraries [cs.DL]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>Quality tutoring can be one of the building blocks in the bridges over many of the various "divides" - digital, economic, social and educational. Appalling recent statistics have shown that only 7% of South Africa's first year university students have sufficient mathematics knowledge and background to cope with university work. C³TO (Chatter Call Centre/Tutoring Online) is an architecture which facilitates mobile tutoring by linking primary and secondary school pupils to volunteer tutors from local South African universities to assist with mathematics homework. Pupils use chat software on their cell phones (with the majority using the Mxit instant messaging system) to discuss their mathematics homework with the volunteer tutors. The first implementation of such tutoring system yielded a much higher demand than was expected. This paper specifically reports on the scalability issues that were considered when designing the C³TO architecture. It argues for design interventions at three different levels and presents the current design accordingly.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-265307" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Meraka Institute</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Pretoria, South Africa</addrLine>
              <country key="ZA"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-363124" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-263402" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>School of ICT &amp; Institute for ICT Advancement</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Port Elizabeth</addrLine>
              <country key="ZA"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-459835" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-363124" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Meraka Institute</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-459835" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03r1jm528</idno>
          <orgName>Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>PO Box 77000Nelson Mandela Metropolitan UniversityPort Elizabeth - Gqeberha6031South Africa</addrLine>
              <country key="ZA"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.mandela.ac.za</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>